Field notes on property risk engineering.

EML vs PML: where risk engineers and underwriters talk past each other

Why the two figures diverge in practice, and how to read an EML position that looks conservative but isn't.

What actually gets flagged on an HPR survey

A working checklist of the findings that most often shift terms — and the ones brokers over-worry about.

Why hot work permits matter

A short overview of what a permit system actually protects against, plus a downloadable sample permit.

Open-top containers and sprinkler protection

Why a fully compliant sprinkler system can still fail to control a fire inside a shielded container — and what it means for MFL.

Lithium-ion battery storage in warehousing

The blind spot that isn't a BESS — why bulk-stored batteries defeat standard sprinkler assumptions, and where it gets missed.

FM Global vs LPC/NFPA: reconciling divergent sprinkler standards

Coming soon.